A Review on the Alkaloids an Important Therapeutic Compound from Plants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37628/ijpb.v3i2.199Abstract
Plants have always been a basis for the traditional medicine systems and they have provided continuous remedies to the mankind for thousands of years. Therapeutic application of plants includes anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial activities. Knowledge of the plants for the preparation of various drugs has been of great significance. Plants are considered as a rich source of wide variety of ingredients which can be used for the development of drug. Alkaloids are the important secondary metabolites that are known to possess therapeutic properties. On the basis of their biosynthetic precursor and heterocyclic ring system, the compounds have been classified into various categories which include indole, piperidine, tropane, purine, pyrrolizidine, imidazole, quinolozidine, isoquinoline and pyrrolidine alkaloids. Alkaloids are able to prevent the onset of various degenerative diseases by free radical scavenging or binding with the oxidative reaction catalyst. Several studies have been done in evaluation of alkaloids from various plants for its wide range of pharmaceutical activities. This review provides an overview of alkaloid drugs that are derived from the various plants and potential against various diseases.References
T. Aniszewski. Alkaloids – Secrets of
Life. 1st Edn. Elsevier; 2007.
M. Heinrich. Ethnopharmacology and
drug
discovery,
In:
Elsevier
Reference Module in Chemistry,
Molecular Sciences and Chemical
Engineering. J. Reedijk (Ed.),
Elsevier; 2013.
D. McNaught, A. Wilkinson. IUPAC.
Compendium
of
Chemical
Terminology. Oxford: Blackwell
Scientific Publications; 1997.
R.H.F. Manske. The Alkaloids.
Chemistry and Physiology. New
York, NY: Academic Press; 1965.
S.W. Pelletier. The nature and
definition of an alkaloids, Alkaloids:
Chemical
and
Biological
Perspectives. Wiley; 1983.
R.J. Molyneux, R.J. Nash, N. Asano.
Alkaloids: Chemical and Biological
Perspectives. Vol. 11, S.W. Pelletier
(ed.), Pergamon: Oxford; 1996.
J.B.
Harborne.
Phytochemical
Methods: A Guide to Modern
Techniques of Plant Analysis.
Chapman and Hall Ltd; 1973.
F. Stary. The Natural Guide to
Medicinal Herbs and Plants. Barnes
& Noble Inc; 1996.
F. Roberts Margaret, M. Wink.
Alkaloids: Biochemistry, Ecology and
Medicinal Application. Plenum Press;
G.A. Cordell. Introduction to
Alkaloids: A Biogenic Approach.
Wiley; 1983.
R. Kaur, S. Arora. Alkaliids-
important therapeutic secondary
metabolites of plant origin, J Crit
Rev. 2015; 2(3): 1–8p.
M. Eagleson. Concise Encyclopedia
Chemistry. 1st Edn. Berlin: Walter de
Gruyter; 1994.
T.C. Tso, R.N. Jeffrey. Paper
chromatography of alkaloids andtheir transformation products in
Maryland tobacco, Arch Biochem
Biophys. 1953; 43: 269–85p.
H.K.
Mangold.
Thin-layer
chromatography of lipids, J Am Oil
Chem Soc. 1961; 38: 708–27p.
C.Y. Wu, J.J. Wittick. Separation of
five major alkaloids in gum opium
and quantitation of morphine,
codeine, and thebaine by isocratic
reverse phase high performance
liquid chromatography, Anal Chem.
; 49: 359–63p.
M.E. Ovadia, D.M. Skauen. Effect of
ultrasonic waves on the extraction of
alkaloids, J Pharm Sci. 1965; 54:
–6p.
Q. Zhou, Y. Liu, X. Wang, X. Di.
Microwave-assisted extraction in
combination
with
capillary
electrophoresis
for
rapid
determination
of
isoquinoline
alkaloids in Chelidonium majusL.,
Talanta. 2012; 99: 932–8p.
E. Ellington, J. Bastida, F.
Viladomat, C. Codina. Supercritical
carbon
dioxide
extraction
of
colchicines and related alkaloids
from
seeds
of Colchicum
autumnale L., Phytochem Anal. 2003;
: 164–9p.
A. Djilani, B. Legseir, R. Soulimani,
A. Dicko, C. Younos. New extraction
techniques for alkaloids, J Braz
Chem Soc. 2006; 17: 518–20p.
M.Z. Abdin, A. Sayeed, M. Garg,
E.T. Tamboli, S.H. Ansari. Invitro
production of alkaloids: factors,
approaches, challenges and prospects.
N. Chaichana, S. Dheeranupattana.
Effects of methyl jasmonate and
salicylic acid on alkaloid production
from in vitro culture of Stemona sp.,
Int J Biosci Biochem Bioinform.
; 2.
H.S. Taha. Effect of biotic stress
(Aspergillus niger) on the production
and accumulation of total alkaloids in
Atropa belladonna L. via tissue
culture,
In:
Proceedings
of
International Conferences. 2003.
R. Sarin. Enhancement of opium
alkaloids production in callus culture
of Papaver rhoeas Linn., Indian J
Biotechnol. 2003; 2.
T. Schmeller, M. Wink. Utilization of
Alkaloids in Modern Medicine.
Springer; 1998.
D.S. Fabrican, N.R. Farnsworth. The
value of plants used in traditional
medicine for drug discovery, Environ
Health Perspect. 2001.
L. Mouhssen. The success of natural
products
in
drug
discovery,
Pharmacol Pharm. 2013.
WHO. Model List of Essential
Medicine. 2014.
