Performance of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Genotypes at Jamalpur Region of Bangladesh

Abstract

ABSTRACT
A study, including twenty-three local and exotic genotypes of mango viz. BARI Aam-1, BARI Aam-2, BARI Aam-3, BARI Aam-4, BARI Aam-6, BARI Aam-8, BARI Aam-10, Khirshapat, Ranipasand, Nilambori, Gopalbhog, Miabari, Harivanga, Banana Mango, Mallika, Fazli, Hybrid-10, Langra, Himsagar, Subarnarekha, Surjapuri, MI Jam-002, and MI Jam-003, was conducted at the Fruit Farm of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jamalpur, Bangladesh, during the fruiting season of 2017–2018. A distinguished amount of variations were noted among the genotypes studied in respect of age of plant, date of harvest, number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit thickness, stone weight, stone length, stone breadth, stone thickness, skin weight, yield per plant, TSS, edible portion, skin color, and pulp color. Age of plant varied from 4.00 to 13.00 years among the genotypes. The fruits of all the genotypes at Jamalpur, Bangladesh, were harvested between 05 June and 15 July 2018. BARI Aam-3 produced the highest number of fruits per plant (186) followed by that of BARI Aam-1 (92), Langra (74), BARI Aam-2 (71), Ranipasnd (61) as compared to the least fruits (5) in Miabari. BARI Aam-4 manifested the highest individual fruit weight (540 g) followed by BARI Aam-2 (536 g), Khirshapat (494 g), Mallika (460 g), Hybrid-10 (423 g) as compared to the lowest in BARI Aam-3 (161 g). The maximum flesh thickness was recorded in BARI Aam-2 (4.00 cm) followed by BARI Aam-4 (3.50 cm), Miabari (3.50 cm), Hybrid-10 (3.50 cm), Langra (3.00 cm) and the lowest in BARI Aam-3 (1.40 cm). BARI Aam-2 exhibited the best yield (38.06 kg/plant) followed by BARI Aam-1 (29.99 kg/plant), BARI Aam-3 (29.95 kg/plant) as against the least yield of 1.84 kg/plant in Miabari. BARI Aam-3 showed the highest TSS (21.00 %) and the lowest TSS (14.00%) in BARI Aam-2. Khirshapat had the highest edible portion (87.85%) followed by Nilambori (87.26%), BARI Aam-2 (86.57%), Ranipasand (85.77%), BARI Aam-1 (83.44%), Miabari (81.79%), Mallika (80.43%), Langra (80.25%) whereas Subarnarekha exhibited the lowest edible portion (54.37%). Several problems (diseases, insect-pests, fruit cracking and fruit dropping) of mango genotypes were noticed during the study. Principal component analysis (PCA) of all the characteristics calculated revealed that the first four principal components (PCs) explained 74.59% of the total variations in the studied genotypes. By using the correlation matrix with the application of hierarchical clustering, the 23 Mango genotypes were grouped into 3 (three) clusters. A distinguishable significant interrelationship was exhibited among the different morpho-physical and biochemical characteristics of mango genotypes.

Keywords: Mango, performance, genotype, yield, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and correlation matrix.

Cite this Article: H. Rahman, A. Akter. Performance of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Genotypes at Jamalpur Region of Bangladesh. International Journal of Genetic Engineering and Recombination. 2019; 5(1): 19–37p.