Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Antibiotics Mediated as Antibiotics Growth Promotants (AGP)

Khushboo Upadhyay

Abstract


Antibiotic resistance in human infections has emerged as a serious public health concern. Some of the resistance problem may be traced back to the transmission of resistant bacteria from animals to humans, as well as the transmission of resistance genes from animal pathogens and commensal bacteria to human infections. Improvements in food cleanliness are among the control methods used to minimise the transmission of zoonotic germs to humans via the food chain. To address the issue directly, livestock companies and their consultants must minimise and improve the use of antibiotics in animal production and replace antibiotics with other disease control strategies as much as feasible. Furthermore, the medical profession must regulate antibiotic abuse and overuse in hospitals and general practise. The likelihood that no one molecule will replace all the roles of antimicrobial growth promoters will be examined, as will approaches for consolidating and analysing the growing database.


Keywords


Antibiotic resistance, Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP), Animal Pathogens, Genes, Microbes

Full Text:

PDF

References


Jones, P.W. and Tarrant, M.E., 1982. The effect of various factors on the efficacy of Tylosin as a growth promoter in clinically healthy pigs. Animal Science, 34(2), pp.115-121.

Roth, F.X. and Kirchgessner, M., 1993. Influence of avilamycin and tylosin on retention and excretion of nitrogen in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 69(1‐5), pp.245-250.

Gaskins, H.R., Collier, C.T. and Anderson, D.B., 2002. Antibiotics as growth promotants: mode of action. Animal biotechnology, 13(1), pp.29-42.

Visek, W.J., 1978. The mode of growth promotion by antibiotics. Journal of Animal Science, 46(5), pp.1447-1469.

Anderson, D.B., McCracken, V.J., Aminovi, R.I., Simpson, J.M., Mackie, R.I., Verstegen, M.W.A. and Gaskins, H.R., 1999. Gut microbiology and growth-promoting antibiotics in swine. Pig News and Information, 20, pp.115-122.

Coates, M.E., Fuller, R., Harrison, G.F., Lev, M. and Suffolk, S.F., 1963. A comparision of the growth of chicks in the Gustafsson germ-free apparatus and in a conventional environment, with and without dietary supplements of penicillin. British journal of nutrition, 17(1), pp.141-150.

Leat, W.M.F., Cox, R.W. and Lawrence, T.L.J., 1980. Growth in Animals.

Reeds, P.J., Burrin, D.G., Davis, T.A. and Fiorotto, M.L., 1993. Postnatal growth of gut and muscle: competitors or collaborators. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 52(1), pp.57-67.

FEWINS, B.G., Newland, L.G.M. and Briggs, C.A.E., 1957. The normal intestinal flora of the pig. III. Qualitative studies of lactobacilli and streptococci. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 20(2), pp.234-242.

Smith, H.W. and Jones, J.E.T., 1963. Observations on the alimentary tract and its bacterial flora in healthy and diseased pigs. The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, 86(2), pp.387-412.

Allison, M.J., Robinson, I.M., Bucklin, J.A. and Booth, G.D., 1979. Comparison of bacterial populations of the pig cecum and colon based upon enumeration with specific energy sources. Applied and environmental microbiology, 37(6), pp.1142-1151.

Robinson, I.M., Allison, M.J. and Bucklin, J.A., 1981. Characterization of the cecal bacteria of normal pigs. Applied and environmental microbiology, 41(4), pp.950-955.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.