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THE REGULATORY ROLE OF SMALL RNAS IN PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND DEFENCE MECHANISM
Abstract
Small RNAs (sRNAs) are 20 to 40 nucleotides in length and plants use these regulatory RNAs to direct gene expression. In eukaryotes they act as a sequence-specific guide in several processes like assembly of heterochromatin, DNA elimination, mRNA cleavage and translational repression. Classes of sRNAs are categorized based on their origin and biogenesis. Out of all these, miRNAs and ta-siRNAs, constitute two important classes of endogenous small RNAs, are the ones that mainly inhibit gene expression at post transcriptional levels & have developmental roles in plant which includes growth and development of roots, shoots, leaves, flowers and seeds. They both also have involvement in plant stress response which can be both biotic and abiotic. This review explores the regulatory roles of small RNAs in plant development and defense mechanisms.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijpb.v9i1.854
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