Open Access
Subscription or Fee Access
Microbes in Fruit Crops-An Analysis
Abstract
Fruit crops have already become a prominent alternative due to their nutritional properties, cutting short the dangerous burden on traditional repetitive cereal/tuber crop-based diets. Microbial diversity has shown varying degrees of synergism with fruit crops, which has played a catalytic role in releasing productivity stagnation through better nutrient efficacy. Because of their perennial framework and root structure, perennial fruit crops are better positioned to profit from nutrientmicrobe synergy. However, using multiple inoculations through crop-specific microbial consortiums, particularly AM-based consortiums, in combination with nutrients (organic or inorganic) provided a much better option in fruits. While the added benefit of a much better labile pool of microbial (taxonomic, function, and metabolic diversity) and nutrient pool of the rhizosphere for a more substantial soil carbon sink. To exploit the value-added benefit of nutrient-microbe synergy, the notion of "rhizosphere hybridization" is recommended. Furthermore, it adds dynamism to a microbial consortium suitable for a wide range of perennial fruits. Microbial consortia work well as a soil pretreatment, with fertigation as an alternative, before delivering soluble mineral fertilizers into the wetting zone of drippers to improve fertilizer use efficiency.
Keywords
References
FAO. 2011. Statistical Year Book of Food and Agricultural Organization FAO State Div. Metalink: P3. Reu. FAO, ESS.FRD. AH Sci. p. 108-113. www.fao.org.docrep/017/i3138e/i3138e05.pdf.
Srivastava, A.K. and Ngullie, E., 2009. Integrated nutrient management: Theory and practice. Dynamic Soil, Dynamic Plant, 3(1), pp.1-30.
Srivastava, A.K., Singh, S. and Huchche, A.D., 2015. Evaluation of INM in citrus on Vertic Ustochrept: biometric response and soil health. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 38(6), pp.854-867.
Srivastava, A.K. and Prakash, P., 2014. Fertility indexing for acid lime growing smectite soils. Annals of Plant and Soil Research, 16(1), pp.25-28.
Srivastava, A.K., Singh, S. and Albrigo, L.G., 2008. Diagnosis and remediation of nutrient constraints in citrus. HORTICULTURAL REVIEWS-WESTPORT THEN NEW YORK-, 34, p.277.
Srivastava, A.K., 2013. Nutrient diagnostics in citrus: Are they applicable to current season crop. Agrotechnology, 2, pp.104-05.
Srivastava, A.K., 2013. Early warning system for plant nutrient deficiency: Future Toolbox. Agrotechnol, 2, p.e106.
Srivastava, A.K., Das, S.N., Malhotra, S.K. and Majumdar, K., 2014. SSNM-based rationale of fertilizer use in perennial crops: A review. Indian J. Agric. Sci, 84(1), pp.3-17.
Bora, P., Saikia, K. and Ahmed, S.S., 2020. Pathogenic fungi associated with storage rot of Colocasia esculenta and evaluation of bioformulations against the pathogen. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems, 26(1), pp.134-139.
Bora, L.C. and Bora, P., 2008. Vemicompost based bioformulation for management of bacterial wilt of tomato in polyhouse. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 38(3), pp.527-30.
Bora LC and Bora Popy. 2010.Pseudomonas fluorescens PfD-1 based biopesticide ‘BioforPf ’ for management of wilt disease of tomato and ‘ Bhootchilli. In : Non-Chemical Insect Pest Management. (Ed: Ignacimuthu, S and David, B.V. ) ,Elite Publishing House Pvt Ltd, New Delhi,. pp. 149-155.
Bora Popy, Deka PC and Sarmah AK. 2016b. Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichodermaviride based bioformulation for management of bacterial wilt disease of ginger. International Journal of Plant Science11 : 34-39.
Bora, P., Saikia, K., Hazarkia, H. and Ragesh, G., 2019. Exploring potential of bacterial endophytes in disease management of horticultural crops. Current Horticulture, 7(2), pp.32-37.
Bora Popy, Bora LC and Monoj Gogoi. 2020b. (Potential of Trichoderma spp for pest management and plant growth promotion in NE India. In: Advances in Trichoderma research. (Ed: P. Sharma and Anil Sharma), Springer Publication, New York, USA,pp.205-220.
Bora, P., Bora, L.C. and Begum, M., 2013. Eco-friendly management of soil borne diseases in brinjal through application of antagonistic microbial population. Journal of Biological Control, 27(1), pp.29-34.
Bora, P., Bora, L.C. and Bhuyan, R.P., 2021. Evaluation of some botanicals and microbial bioformulations against grey blight disease of tea (Camellia sinensis). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 91(1), pp.54-57.
Bora, P., Bora, L.C. and Deka, P.C., 2016. Efficacy of substrate based bioformulation of microbial antagonists in the management of bacterial disease of some solanaceous vegetables in Assam. Journal of Biological Control, 30(1), pp.49-54.
Bora Popy and Bora LC. 2020. Microbial approach for disease management in horticultural crops : An overview. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences90(8): 1389-1386.
Bora Popy and Bora LC. 2021. Microbial antagonists and botanicals mediated disease management in tea, Camellia sinensis (L.).O. Kuntze: an overview. Crop Protection. 148:105711. Doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105711.
Srivastava AK and Singh Shyam. 2004. Soil and plant nutritional constraints contributing to citrus decline in Marathawadaregion,India. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis35(17/18):2537–50.
Srivastava, A.K. and Singh, S., 2008. DRIS norms and their field validation in Nagpur mandarin. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31(6), pp.1091-1107.
Srivastava AK and Singh Shyam. 2008b. Zinc nutrition in Nagpur mandarin on Haplustert. Journal of Plant Nutrition 32:1–17.
Srivastava A K,Shirgure PS and Singh Shyam.2003.Differential fertigation response of Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulataBlanco) on an alkaline Inceptisol under sub-humid tropicalclimate. Tropical Agriculture80:91–6.
Srivastava, A.K. and Singh, S., 2008. Citrus nutrition research in India: Current status and future strategies. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 78(1), p.3.
Powlson, D.S., Prookes, P.C. and Christensen, B.T., 1987. Measurement of soil microbial biomass provides an early indication of changes in total soil organic matter due to straw incorporation. Soil biology and biochemistry, 19(2), pp.159-164.
Powlson, D.S., 1994. The soil microbial biomass: before, beyond and back. Beyond the biomass-compositional and functional analysis of soil microbial communities, pp.3-20.
Hanxuan, Z., Dingguo, S. and Xianyue, Y., 1994. Effect of soil microbe on growth and production of citrus fruits. Journal of Fruit Science (China).
Singh, B., 2002. Efficacy of Biofertilizers in Nutrient Management of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis Cv Mosambi). Environment and Ecology, 20(2), pp.394-396.
Yao, H., He, Z.L., Wilson, M. and Campbell, C.D., 2000. Microbial biomass and community structure in a sequence of soils with increasing fertility and changing land use. Microbial Ecology, 40(3), pp.223-237.
Khanam, D., 2007. Assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal association in some fruit plants in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology, 24(1), pp.34-37.
Gai, J.P., Cai, X.B., Feng, G., Christie, P. and Li, X.L., 2006. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with sedges on the Tibetan plateau. Mycorrhiza, 16(3), pp.151-157.
Tchabi, A., Coyne, D., Hountondji, F., Lawouin, L., Wiemken, A. and Oehl, F., 2008. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in sub-Saharan Savannas of Benin, West Africa, as affected by agricultural land use intensity and ecological zone. Mycorrhiza, 18(4), pp.181-195.
Brundrett, M.C., 2009. Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis. Plant and Soil, 320(1), pp.37-77.
Wu, Q.S., Srivastava, A.K. and Zou, Y.N., 2013. AMF-induced tolerance to drought stress in citrus: a review. Scientia Horticulturae, 164, pp.77-87.
Orhan E, Ercisli ES, Turan M and Sahin F. 2006. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, growth and nutrient contents inorganically grown rasberry. Scientia Horticulturae 111:38–43.
Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R and Zablotowciz RM.1989.Freelivingbacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trends in Biotechnology 7:39–43.
Srivastava AK, Huchche AD and Kumar Dinesh. 2014a. Development of INM module for sustained productivity of Citrus.(In) Annual Report, pp40–6.National Research Centre for Citrus,Nagpur, Maharashtra.
Srivastava A K and Malhotra S K. 2014b. Nutrient management infruitcrops : Issues and strategies. Indian Journal of Fertilizer 10(12):72–88.
Bashan Y and Holguin G. 1998. Proposal for the division of Rhizobacteria into two classifications: Biocontrol–PGPB (Plant growth promoting bacteria) and PGPB. Soil Science and Biochemistry 30:1 225–8.
Bashan Y, Holguin G and de-Bashan L E. 2004. Azospirillum-plant relationships: physiological, molecular, agricultural, and environmental advances (1997-2003). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50:521–77.
Herman M A B, Nault B A and Smart C D. 2008. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteriaon bell pepper production and green peach aphid infestations in New York. Crop Protection 27:996–1 002.
Dobbelaere S, Vanderleyden J and Okon Y. 2003. Plant growthpromoting effects of diazotrophs in the rhizosphere. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 22:107–49.
Mir Muzaffar and Sharma Som Dev. 2012. Influence of biofertilizers on plant growth, fruit yield, nutrition and rhizosphere microbial activity of pomegranate (PuicagranatumL.) cv. Kandhari Kasali. Journal of Applied Horticulture 14:129–36.
Wange SS and Ranawade DB. 1998. Effect of microbial inoculants on fresh root development on grapevar. Kishmischorni. Recent Horticulture 4:27–31.
Arikan S, Ipek M and Pirlak L. 2013. Effect of plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and fruit quality of Quince. IPCBEE 60:97-06.(DOI:10.7763/IPCBEE.2013.V60.19).
Shamseldin A, El-Sheikh Mohamad H, Hassan H S A and Kabeil S S. 2010. Microbial biofertilization approaches to improve yield and quality of Washing ton navel orange and reducing the survival of nematode in the soil. Journal of American Science 6:264–71.
Raman J. 2012. Response of Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Trichoderma on growth of apple seedling. International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Enironmental Engineering 40:3–90.
Mahmoud HM and Mahmoud FAF. 1999. Studies on effect of some biofertilizers on growth of peach seedlings and root rot disease incidence. Egyptian Journal of Horticulture 26: 7–18.
Godara R K, Awasthi R P and Kaith N S. 1996. Interaction effectofVA-mycorrhizae and Azotobacter inoculation on micronutrient content of peach seedlings.Journal of Hill Research9:5–10.
Aseri G K, Rao A V, and Meghwal P R. 2005. Rhizosphere enzymes:anindexto detect changes in the microbial functioning in soil around fruit plants as affected bybio-inoculants.Indian Journal of Horticultural Science 62:398–401.
Aslantas R,Cakmakci R and Sahin F.2007. Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on young apple tree growth and fruit yield under orchard conditions.Science Horticulture 111:371–7.
Kerni PN and Anil Gupta. 1986. Growth parameters affected by azotobacterization of mango seedlings in comparison to different nitrogen doses. Research and Development Reporter 3:77–9.
Quiroga-Rojas LI, Ruiz-Quinones N, Munoz-Motta G and Lozano-Tovar MD. 2012. Rhizosphere microorganism, potential antagonists of Fusarium sp. causing agent of root rot in passionfruit(PassifloraedulisSims).Acta Agronomica 61:244–50.
Singh C and Sharma B B. 1993. Leaf nutrient composition of sweet orangeas affected by combined use of bio and chemical fertilizers. South Indian Horticulture 41:131–4.
Jeeva S, Kulasekaran M, Shanmugavelu KG and Oblisami G.1988. Effect of Azospirillumongrowthanddevelopmentofbanana cv. Poovan (AAB). South Indian Horticulture 36: 1–4.
Tiwari D K, Hasan M A and Chattopadhyay P K. 1999. Leaf nutrient and chlorophyll content in banana(MusaAAA)under influence of Azotobacter and Azospirillum inoculation. Environment and Ecology17:346–50.
Suresh C P and Hasan M A. 2001. Studies on the response of Dwarf Cavendish banana Musa AAA to biofertilizers inoculation. Horticulture Journal 14:35–41.
Esitken A, Pirlak L, Turan M and Sahin F. 2006. Effect of floral and foliar application of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield,growth and nutrition of sweet cherry. Scientia Horticulturae110:324–27.
Karlidag H, EsitkenA,Turan M and Sahin F.2007.Effect of root inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)on yield, growth and nutrient element contents of leaves of apple. Scientia Horticulturae 114:16–20.
Esitken A, Karlidag H, ErcisliS,Turan M and Sahin F.2003.The effect of spray a growth promoting bacterium on the yield,growth and nutrient element composition of leaves of apricot(Prunus armeniacaL. cv. Hacihaliloglu). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54:377–80.
Pirlak L,Turan M, Sahin F and Esitken A. 2007. Floral and foliar application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to apples increases yield, growth and nutrient element contents of leaves. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture30:145–55.
Keditsu R and Srivastava AK. 2014.Substrate dynamics:Developments and issues. Annals of Plant and Soil Research 16(1):1–8.
Xuan,Yu, Xu Liu,Tian Hui Zhu, Guang, Hai ,Liu and Cui, Mao.2011. Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilising bacteria from walnut and their effect on growth and phosphorous mobilization. Biology and Fertility of Soils47:437–46.
Padma T M R and Kandasamy D. 1990. Effect of interaction between VA-mycorrhizae and graded levels of phosphorous on the growth of papaya (Caricapapaya).(In)Proceedings of the National Conference on Trends in Mycorrhizal Research, 14-16 February, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, HaryanaIndia,pp133–4.
Bhattacharya P and Jain R K. 2000. Phosphorus solubilising biofertilizers in the whirlpool of rock phosphate-Challenges and opportunities. FertilizerNews45:45–52.
Dubey S K and Gupta R K. 1996. Bio-organic fertilizers forimproving productivity and legumes in Vertisols region of Madhya Pradesh. Fertilizer News 41:33–9.
Dubey A V, Vaishya U K, Bapat P N and Tomar V S. 1999.Phosphate solubilising efficiency of some microorganisms inVertisol.Journal of the Indian Soceity of Soil Science 47:161–4.
Srivastava A K, Singh Shyam and Marathe R A. 2002. Organic citrus:Soil fertility and plant nutrition. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture19:5–29.
Bal U and Altintas S. 2006a. A positive side effect from Trichoderma harzianumthe biological control agent: increased yield invegetable crops. Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology 7:383–7.
Altintas S and Bal U. 2005. Application of Trichoderma harzianumincreases yield in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) grown in an unheated glass house.Journal of Applied Horticulture 7:25–8.
Bal U and Altintas S. 2006b. Application of the antagonisticfungusTrichoderma harzianum(TrichoFlow WPTM) to rootzone increases yield of bell peppers grown in soil. Biology Agriculture and Horticulture 24:149–63.
Elad Y,Chet I and Henis Y. 2006. Biological control of Rhizoctoniasolaniin strawberry fields by Trichoderma harzianum. Plant and Soil 60:245–54.
Mishustin E N, Sinironova, G.A and Lokmacheva R R. 1981. Thedecomposition of silicates by microorganisms and the use ofsilicate bacteria as bacterial fertilizers. Biological Bulletin 8:400–9.
Merckx R, Dijkstra A, Hartog A and Den Van Veen J A. 1987. Production of root derived material and associated microbial growth in soil at different nutrient levels. Biology and Fertility of Soils 5:126–32.
Van Veen JA, Marckx R and VandeGejn SC. 1989. Plant and soil related controls of flow of carbon from roots through the soil microbial biomass. Plant and Soil 115:179–88.
Barker WW, Welch SA and Banfield JF. 1997.Geomicrobiology of silicate minerals weathering. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 35:391–428.
Xue QH, Sheng JW, and Tang L. 2000. Effect of K bacteria on nutrients activation in Lou soil. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica 9:67–71.
Sheng XF, He LY and Huang WY. 2003. Conditions of releasing potassium by asilicate dissolving bacteria strain NBT. Agricultural Science1:662–6.
Srivastava A K. 2009. Integrated nutrient management : Concept and application in citrus.(In)CitrusII.Tree, Forestry Science and Biotechnology 3(SpecialIssue1):32–58.
Srivastava A K. 2012. Integrated nutrient management in citrus.(In) Advances in Citrus Nutrition, pp 369–90. Srivastava A K(Ed).Springler Verlag, Netherlands.
Styriakova I, Styriak I, Galko D, Hradil D and Bezdicka P. 2003.The release of iron-bearing minerals and dissolution offeld spar by hetero trophic bacteria of Bacillus species.Ceramics Silicáty47:20–6.
Rogers JR, Bennett PC and Choi WI. 1998. Fields par as a source of nutrients for microorganisms.American Minerals 83:1 532–1540
Tinker PB. 1982. Mycorrhiza: The present position. Transactions of American International Congress on Soil Science, 12th Ed.5:150–66.
Johnson CR. 1984. Phosphorus nutrition nmycorrhizal colonization, photosynthesis, growth and nutrient composition of Citrus aurantium. Plant and Soil80:35–42.
Tang Z, Zhang, Q and Hou S. 1984. The effects of mycorrhizal fungus on phosphate uptake by citrus in red earth. Acta MycologiaSinica 3:170–7.
Graham J H. 1986. Citrus mycorrhizae: Potential benefits and interactions with pathogens. Hort Science 21:1302–06.
Graham J H and Fardelmann D. 1986. Inoculation of citrus withroot fragments containing chlamydospores of the mycorrhizalfungusGlomus intraradices. Canadian Journal of Botany 64:1739–44.
El Maksoud HKA, Boutros, BN and Lotfy AA. 1988. Growth response of sour orange,CitrusaurantiumL.to mycorrhizal inocluation and super phosphate fertilization in sandy and calcareous soils. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science 28: 385–95.
Khan P, Bora LC, BoraPopy, Talukdar K and Kataky L.2018. Efficacy of microbial consortia against bacterial wilt caused by Ralstoniasolanacearumin hydroponically grown lettuce plant. InternationalJournal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences7(06): 3046-3055.
Hazarika LK, Bhutan M and Hazarika BN.2009. Insect pests of tea and their management. Annual Review of Entomology54: 267-284.
Sharma P, Bora LC, Acharjee S, Bora Popy and Jagdale BR. 2020. Zinc enriched Pseudomonas fluorescens triggered defense response in rice against bacterial leaf blight. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences90(3):593-96.
Kalita P, Bora LC and Bhagabati, KN.1996. Phylloplane microflora of citrus and their role in management of citrus canker. Indian Phytopathology.49: 234-37.
Unnamalai N, Gnanamanikam SS. 1984. Pseudomonas flurenscenceis an antogonist to Xanthomonas citri, the incitant of citrus canker. Current Science53:703-04.
Ramette A, Frapolli, M, Fischer-Le Saux M, Gruffaz C, Meyer J M, Défago G, Sutra L and Moënne-Loccoz Y. 2011. Pseudomonas protegens sp. nov., widespread plant-protecting bacteria producing the biocontrol compounds 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin Syst. Applied Microbiology34: 180-88.
Swagata S, Popy Bora, Bora LC.2021. Microbial bioformulations-mediated canker management in Assam lemon. IndianJournal of Agricultural Sciences91 : 198-201
Cernadas RA and Benedetti CE. 2009. Role of auxin and gibberellin in citrus canker development and in the transcriptional control of cell-wall remodeling genes modulated by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. Plant Science.177(3):190–195.
Saikia K, Bora LC,Popy Bora and Hazarika H.2020 . Management of bacterial blight of rice ( Oryza sativa ) through combined application of endophytes and rhizosphere antagonist . Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90(2) , pp.2323-2327.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.