Antibiotic-Resistant Profile and Plasmid Analysis of Selected Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Selected Surface Water in Some Communities of Ondo North Senatorial District

Abstract

High-level and widespread antibiotic resistance was found among the identified organisms in the selected surface water studied with about 90% of the bacteria isolates showing multiple antibiotic resistance. All the gram-negative isolates have a high resistance rate (100%) against tetracycline, amoxicillin (70%), and gentamycin (65%), while nitrofurantoin (48%) has the least resistance; the gram-positive bacteria species have (100%) resistance to streptomycin, Augmentin (58.2%), and erythromycin (64.6%). The water sources pose a threat to human health due to danger of water-borne diseases and potential for the transfer of antibiotic-resistant genes to pathogens.

Keywords: antibiotics, bacteria, disease, gram positive, resistance, water

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