Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Performance Evaluation of Azadirachta indica Leaf on Crude Oil Contaminated Soils

Eno O. N., Ukpaka C. P., Ademiluyi F. T.

Abstract


The intention of this research was to ascertain the effectiveness of sun-dried and room-dried Azadirachta indica leaf at varying quantities, in the remediation of sandy and loamy soils contaminated with 100ml of crude oil. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method was used to test for the physicochemical properties of the materials used for the experiment. The unpolluted loamy soil was observed to contain pH of 6.75, electric conductivity of 10.36µS/cm, Total Oxygen content of 2.99%, Total Nitrogen of 0.091%, potassium content of 36.82942%, phosphorus content of 15.36% and Total Bacteria count of 2.15×102cfu/g. Likewise, The unpolluted sandy soil was observed to contain pH of 6.82, electric conductivity of 21.48µS/cm, Total Oxygen content of 1.18%, Total Nitrogen of 0.036%, potassium content of 24.03681% and phosphorus content of 5.18%. The Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon concentration was monitored against the period of exposure on the environment  for the various soils sample treated with 50g, 60g, 70g, 80g, 90g and 100g Azadirachta indica leaf subjected into sun and room dried environment and the results obtained reveals decrease in TPH concentration. Finally, the research demonstrates that Azadirachta indica leaf is a major remediant found useful in environmental cleanup of a polluted site.

Keywords


Performance, evaluation, Azadirachta indica, leaf, crude oil, contaminated soils

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abbamondi G.R, Weyens T. G. (2016). Plant growth-promoting effects of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria associated with different tomato cultivars and new tomato hybrid, chemical and biological technologies in agriculture, 3(1), 1–6.

Al-Saleh E, Akbar A. (2015). Occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Kuwaiti soil, Chemosphere, (120), pp. 100–107.

Barac T, Targhavi S. (2004). Engineered endophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of water-soluble, volatile, organic pollutants, Nature Biotechnology, 22(5),pp.

–588.

Chukwuma Nmegbu, (2018). Performance Evaluation of Vernonia Galamensis and Vernonia Amygdalina Species in Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sandy Soils in the Niger Delta, International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology, 4(2), pp. 84—97.

Compant S, Duffy B. (2005). Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria for biocontrol of plant diseases: principles, mechanisms of action, and future prospects, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(9), pp. 4951–4959.

Al-Saleh, E. and Hassan, A., 2016. Enhanced crude oil biodegradation in soil via biostimulation. International journal of phytoremediation, 18(8), pp.822–831.

Etim Okon E, Udosen Christiana (2013). identification of hydrocarbon degraders in a crude oil polluted vessel and possible growth inducing potential of Azadirachta indica, Global Journal of Research on Medicinal Plants and Indigenous Medicine, 2(7), pp. 492–498.

Ezenobi, N. O. (2016). Combined effect of temperature and pH on pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a cosmetic products. International Journal of Current Research, 8(8), pp. 37124–37130.

Frick, C.M., Germida, J.J. and Farrell, R.E., 1999, December. Assessment of phytoremediation as an in-situ technique for cleaning oil-contaminated sites. In technical seminar on chemical spills (pp. 105a-124a). Environment Canada.

Gaiero J., McAll C., Thompson K., (2013). Inside the root microbiome: bacterial root endophytes and plant growth promotion. American Journal of Botany, 100(9), pp. 1738–1750.

Germaine, K.J., Keogh, E., Ryan, D. and Dowling, D.N., 2009. Bacterial endophyte-mediated naphthalene phytoprotection and phytoremediation. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 296(2), pp. 226–234.

Glick, B.R., Todorovic, B., Czarny, J., Cheng, Z., Duan, J. and McConkey, B., 2007. Promotion of plant growth by bacterial ACC deaminase. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 26(5–6), pp. 227–242.

Hardoim, P.R., van Overbeek, L.S. and van Elsas, J.D., 2008. Properties of bacterial endophytes and their proposed role in plant growth. Trends in Microbiology, 16(10), pp.463–471.

Huang, X.D., El-Alawi, Y., Gurska, J., Glick, B.R. and Greenberg, B.M., 2005. A multi-process phytoremediation system for decontamination of persistent total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) from soils. Microchemical Journal, 81(1), pp. 139–147.

Hutchinson S., Banks M. (2001). Phytoremediation of aged petroleum sludge: effect of inorganic fertilizer. Journal of Environ Quality, 30(2), 395–403.

Jackson, M. (1967). Soil Chemical analysis, Prentice Hall of India, Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 205–498

Khan S., Afzal M., Iqbal S., Khan M. (2013) Plant-bacteria partnerships for the remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils, chemosphere, 90(4), pp.1317–1332.

Li H., Wei D., Shen M. (2012). Endophytes and their role in phytoremediation. Fungal Divers, 54(1)x, 11–18.

Mattina, M.I., Lannucci-Berger, W., Musante, C. and White, J.C., 2003. Concurrent plant uptake of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from soil. Environmental Pollution, 124(3), pp. 375–378.

Naveed M., Mitter B., Yousaf S. (2014). The endophyte Enterobacter sp. FD17: a maize growth enhancer selected based on rigorous testing of plant beneficial traits and colonization characteristics. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 50(2), pp. 249–262.

Neha J., Swati S. (2018). Phytoextraction Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica) for Cd detoxification. Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability, 6(2), pp. 154–159.

Nelson D., Sommers L. (1982). Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic matter, Methods of soil Analysis, edition (2), pp.539–580.

Okon, E.E., Christiana, U.I. and Priestine, A.O., 2013. Identification of Hydrocarbon Degraders IN A Crude Oil Polluted Vessel and Possible Growth Inducing Potential of Azadirachta indica. Global Journal of Research on Medicinal Plants & Indigenous Medicine, 2(7), p. 492.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.