Effect of Different Types of Cytokines on Bryophyllum pinnatum Micropropagation and Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of In-Vivo and In-Vitro Methonolic Leaf Extract

Abstract

Medicinal plants have played an important role in primary health care system among local people in India. The present paper is a study of the traditional knowledge of Bryophyllum pinnatum, its antimicrobial activity and micropropagation. In our experiment methanolic extracts of B. pinnatum leafs were examined for antimicrobial activity against a number of bacteria and different types of cytokinins (growth hormone) e.g.thidiazuron(TDZ), diphnyleurea(DPU), and benzyl amino purine (BAP) were also examined. Our result shows that TDZ(2.5μM ) was showing best result in shoot and callus induction, but it failed to induce rooting. DPU (1.5 and 2 mg/l) showed best result in both rooting and in shooting in 5–6 days, but it failed in callus induction. BAP showed poorest in both rooting and shooting. Comparing the results of different cytokinins hormones in respect to rooting, shooting and callusing, we conclude that the regeneration power was more effective with DPU then TDZ and BAP, medium containing 1.5 and 2mg/l DPU can be used as rooting–shooting media for the regeneration of B.pinnatum using leaves as explants and TDZ (2.5 μM ) used for fast callus induction. Till date no data is reported/published to show TDZ induce callusing.This is our first report on callusing with TDZ in Bryophyllum sp. Research was also on to study antimicrobial activity of B.pinnatum under in vivo and in vitro condition. Methanolic extraction from the in-vivo and in-vitro leaves of B. pinnatum were screened for their antimicrobial activities. The present study was thought worthwhile to determine and compare antimicrobial activity of various extract which was active against all tested microbial strains (Staphylocococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E.coli ATCC 25922, E.coli 299, and Salmonella typhi etc). The zone of inhibition of each organism and of each extracts, which range between 6mm to 15.66 mm, it was found that the methanolic extract exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms with better activity against the Gram-negative organism.In vitro methanolic leaf extract was able to inhibit all of the bacteria used in the study with different degree of inhibition.