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Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract

T K Barik, T S Santra

Abstract


In recent years, research in nanotechnology deals with the development of environmental-friendly processes for the synthesis of stable nanoparticles, possessing well-defined shapes, and controlled narrow sizes. Additionally, due to a vast demand for precious metals (like silver) in the fields such as electronics and catalysis, recovery of silver from both primary and secondary sources is of most significance. Biological recovery of precious metals with the formation of their nanoparticles is a green alternative in comparison with conventional physical and chemical methods. Bio-inspired synthesis of nanoparticles provides advancement over chemical and physical methods as it is cost effective and environment friendly and there is no need to use high pressure, energy, temperature and toxic chemicals. The use of environmental friendly materials like plant leaf extract for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles offers numerous benefits of eco-friendliness and compatibility for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, as they do not use toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocols. The development of green processes for the synthesis of nanomaterials is evolving into an important branch of nanotechnology, because biological methods are safe and ecologically well sound for the nanomaterial fabrication. An environmentally acceptable solvent system, eco-friendly reducing and capping agents are considered to be three essential elements for a complete “green” synthesis. Generally, the green synthesis techniques are synthetic routes that utilize relatively non-toxic chemicals to synthesize nanomaterials and include the use of non-toxic solvents such as water, biological extracts, biological systems etc. In this technique, sometimes microwave is used to maintain a constant temperature of solvent systems. This article reviews simple and cost-effective biosynthesis of stable functionalized silver nanoparticles, which are suitable for formulation of new types of biomedical applications.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijpb.v1i1-2.13

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