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Negative Health Consequences of Smoking on Blood Pressure in Association With Body Mass Index

Shah Muhammad Mahesar

Abstract


Smoking is an important risk factor for hypertension. The continuity presser effect of smoking results the close association between blood pressure elevation and development of diabetic nephropathy. Blood pressure increase might be implicated in the association between smoking and hypertension. This is possibly mediated by an autonomic adjustment to sustained sympathetic stimulation by nicotine.
Present piece of study was conducted to evaluate whether hypertension is associated with cigarette smoking in Pakistan. Study started with random screening of the inhabitants of the area for smoking, hypertension and associated risk factors. A self-administered questionnaire was prepared for this purpose. Overweight and obesity were assessed by body mass index and hypertension by recording of blood pressure. Among the total 3382 selected volunteers, smokers were 933, they had significantly higher systolic blood pressure mean ± SD 130.1±16.33 mmHg, CV 12.1 against 127.6±15.19, CV 11.9, diastolic pressure 87.2±11.28 mmHg, CV 12.9, against 84.8±9.80, CV 11.5. Slightly changes in mean arterial pressure noted in smokers 101.5±6.63, CV 18.4, compared to nonsmokers, it was 99.1±7.77, CV 18.2. Smokers also had significantly higher pulse rate 78.6±7.24 compared to 68.8±5.76 beats/minute in nonsmokers. Smoking had significant correlation with SBP, DBP, MAP and BMI, –.311, –.312, –.313 and .255, respectively. Similarly, prevalence of hypertension in smokers was higher (23.5%) than in nonsmokers (16.4%).

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijbb.v3i1.181

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